Whether individual glaciers are advancing or retreating, the aggregate average of glacier change must be climatic in origin, as nonclimatic variations average out. Our early results, while indicating complexity, are generally consistent with the glaciology community's conclusion that climate change is spurring glacier responses around the world (mainly retreat).
Our presentation here pertains to one broad question: How can ASTER and other satellite multispectral data be used to map, monitor, and characterize the state and dynamics of glaciers and to understand their responses to 20th and 21st century climate change? Our sampled results are not yet glaciologically or climatically representative. These technology efforts are summarized here, but will be presented in detail elsewhere. A global glacier database has been designed at the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC, Boulder, Colorado) parameters are compatible with and expanded from those of the World Glacier Inventory (WGI). Software development by GLIMS is geared toward mapping clean-ice and debris-covered glaciers terrain classification emphasizing snow, ice, water, and admixtures of ice with rock debris multitemporal change analysis visualization of images and derived data and interpretation and archiving of derived data. Although GLIMS is making use of multiple remote-sensing systems, ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and reflection Radiometer) is optimized for many needed observations, including mapping of glacier boundaries and material facies, and tracking of surface dynamics, such as flow vector fields and supraglacial lake development. more Global Land Ice Measurements from Space (GLIMS) is an international consortium established to acquire satellite images of the world's glaciers, analyse them for glacier extent and changes, and assess change data for causes and implications for people and the environment. Global Land Ice Measurements from Space (GLIMS) is an international consortium established to acq. The USGS MIPS software, developed over the last 20 years as a public domain package, is available on the WWW at. The sidescan-sonar image processing package is part of the USGS Mini Image Processing System (MIPS) and has been designed to process data collected by any ‘generic’ digital sidescan-sonar imaging system. An automatic seam removal procedure was used in combination with an interactive digital feathering/stenciling procedure to help minimize tone or seam matching problems between image strips from adjacent track-lines. This is followed by digital mosaicking of the track-line strips into quadrangle format which can be used as input to either visual or digital image analysis and interpretation. New software run by a In the preprocessing stage, sensor-specific algorithms are applied to correct for both geometric and intensity/radiometric distortions introduced by the sensor.
Geological Survey (USGS) and used to apply intensity/radiometric and geometric corrections, as well as enhance and digitally mosaic, sidescan-sonar images of the Monterey Bay region. In this paper we present several of the various digital image processing techniques developed by the U.S. more Sidescan-sonar imaging systems with digital capabilities have now been available for approximately 20 years. Sidescan-sonar imaging systems with digital capabilities have now been available for approximatel.
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